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Blog Biologi Terlengkap! disusun oleh Mustahib, S.Pd.Si. untuk para pembelajar Biologi. Blog ini terfokus pada pembelajaran Biologi SMA, meski demikian disediakan juga materi dan soal-soal Sains SD, Sains SMP, Biologi Perguruan Tinggi (Universitas). Silahkan dimanfaatkan bagi siapa saja: siswa, mahasiswa, guru, dosen, orang tua atau siapapun yang mencintai Biologi. Semoga Bermanfaat. Salam Biologi, jabat erat dari Pak Tohib :)

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Membran Sel



Membran sel sering juga disebut membran plasma. Membran sel merupakan bagian paling luar yang membatasi isi sel dengan sekitarnya (kecuali pada sel tumbuhan, bagian luarnya masih terdapat dinding sel atau cell wall).

Membran sel berupa lapisan luar biasa tipisnya. Tebalnya kira-kira 8 nm. Dibutuhkan 8000 membran sel untuk menyamai tebal kertas yang biasa kita pakai untuk menulis.

Lipid dan protein merupakan bahan penyusun utama dari membran, meskipun karbohidrat juga merupakan unsur penting. Gabungan lipid dan protein dinamakan lipoprotein. Saat ini model yang dapat diterima untuk penyusunan molekul-molekultersebut dalam membran ialah model mosaik fluida.

Pada 1895, Charles Overton mempostuatkan bahwa membran terbuat dari lipid, berdasarkan pengamatannya bahwa zat yang larut dalam lipid memasuki sel jauh lebih cepat dari pada zat yang tidak larut dalam lipid. 20 tahun kemudian, membran yang diisolasi dari sel darah merah dianalisis secara kimiawi ternyata tersusun atas lipid dan protein, yang sekaligus membenarkan postulat dari Overton.

Fosfolipid merupakan lipid yang jumlahnya paling melimpah dalam sebagian besar membran. Kemampuan fosfolipid untuk membentuk membran disebabkan oleh struktur molekularnya. Fosfolipid merupakan suatu molekul amfipatik, yang berarti bahwa molekul ini memiliki daerah hidrofilik (menykai air) maupun daerah hidrofobik (takut dengan air).

Berdasar struktur tersebut maka membran sel bersifat semi permeable atau selektif permeable yang berfungsi mengatur masuk dan keluarnya zat dari sel.

Gbr. Membran Sel


Link. Animasi Membran Sel
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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